FLOOR PANEL FOR FORMING A FLOOR COVERING

专利摘要:
Floor panel for forming a floor covering, characterized in that it consists of floor panels which are provided with coupling parts, that these coupling parts are mainly made of the material of the floor panel and that these coupling parts are configured such that they can be installed via the fold-down principle .
公开号:BE1023779B1
申请号:E2016/5011
申请日:2016-01-08
公开日:2017-07-24
发明作者:Pieter Devos
申请人:Flooring Industries Limited Sarl；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Floor panel for forming a floor covering.
This invention relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, more particularly for forming a floor covering that can be installed on a substrate.
More specifically, the invention relates to floor panels which can be coupled to each other by means of mechanical coupling parts.
The object of the invention is that a floor covering from such floor panels can be easily installed, but at the same time sufficient strength is also obtained in the floor covering, more particularly sufficiently strong connections between the floor panels can be realized, this in combination with production techniques which keep production costs limited.
In the first place, the invention contemplates floor panels that can be installed via so-called fold-down technology, in order to meet the intended requirement of a simple installation. A fact here is that two of the edges, usually the short edges in the case of elongated floor panels, must be able to be joined together via a downward movement, in which case a vertical locking must then be effected. A solid vertical locking can be realized with separate elastic locking strips. However, realizing and applying this is expensive. To exclude this cost, one-piece or mainly one-piece coupling profiles can be used. It is known, however, that such one-part coupling parts generally produce a little strong connection; either the connection is too rigid and the floor panels cannot be joined together or can only be joined together by damaging them, or the coupling offers too little resistance to unlocking. The quality of the coupling is apparently extremely dependent on configuration details and materials used.
The present invention now contemplates a number of combinations of features with which noticeable improvements can be achieved with floor panels with one-part coupling parts, and in particular with one-part vertically active locking parts, such as by applying certain structural properties and / or material characteristics and / or designs. of the coupling parts. These combinations form the basis of several independent aspects of the invention, which aspects can in turn be combined randomly, this according to all possible combinations, insofar as such combinations do not entail contradictions.
The invention, in other words the inventive nature, of each of the aspects mentioned below is therefore essentially based on the combinative effect of the combination of measures that is claimed in each case. After all, the inventor has been able to determine that well-defined combinations lead to better one-piece couplings that can be used in floor panels that can be installed according to the fold-down principle, without the need for specific explanations. The advantages achieved by the aspects are therefore generally based on an improved floor panel with improved coupling means, in which the advantage of a simple manufacture by using easily fabricated coupling parts, namely that they do not use individual connecting pieces, the advantage that the floor panels can preferably be installed in accordance with the user-friendly fold-down principle, and the advantage of offering a relatively solid coupling can be combined. The invention herein provides in particular for specific features at those edges of the floor panels where the connection is realized by means of a downward movement, wherein in particular the combinations of features used at these edges are particularly specific and contribute to the intended effect. It was also found by the inventor that certain configurations of coupling means in combination with well-defined materials are advantageous.
This has therefore led to the aspects of the invention described and numbered below, of which only the aspect designated as "first aspect" in the appended claims is claimed, while the other aspects are stated by way of explanation or fallback position.
According to the aforementioned first aspect of the invention, it relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel comprising a first pair of opposite edges and a second pair of opposite edges; wherein the first pair of opposite edges comprises coupling parts that allow two of such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts comprise a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels locks into effect the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; and the coupling parts are configured such that two of such panels at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement; the second pair of opposite edges also comprising coupling parts on both edges which allow two such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts contain a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels establishes a locking in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion located on one of the aforementioned two edges, as well as a downwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion located on the opposite edge, the lower hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an upward-facing locking element that proximally thereof defines a female part in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an downward-facing locking element that forms a male part; - the coupling parts are configured such that two such floor panels can be coupled to each other at their respective edges by means of a downward movement of one floor panel relative to the other; the vertically active latch system comprises vertically active latch and which define by means of respective contact surfaces at least a first contact zone and a second contact zone which are located on either side of the male part and female part; said vertically active locking member and include a first locking member and a second locking member on the respective opposite sides of the male member, as well as a third locking member and a fourth locking member on the respective opposite sides of the female member; the first and third locking members define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned first contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent; the second and fourth locking members define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned second contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line; said male portion has a distal side and a proximal side, the second locking portion being on the distal side; and the aforementioned two tangent lines are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones; characterized in that further combination of features is available at the second pair of edges: the tangent line defined by the first and third locking member is steeper relative to the plane of the floor panel than the tangent line defined by the second and fourth locking member or, in other words, the angle of the first-mentioned tangent with the horizontal is greater than the angle of the second said tangent with the horizontal; the difference in size between both said angles is at least 5 degrees and preferably at least 10 degrees; a contact surface is provided on the male part at a height lower than the second contact zone which in the coupled state together with a contact surface forms a support point on the female part of the then coupled floor panel which limits the movement of the male part downwards; the lower hook-shaped portion is free on the distal side of its distal end from vertically active mechanical locking members.
According to a second independent aspect, the invention relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel comprising a first pair of opposite edges and a second pair of opposite edges; wherein the first pair of opposite edges comprises coupling parts that allow two of such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts comprise a horizontally active locking system which locks in the coupled state of two of such floor panels in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; and the coupling parts are configured such that two of such panels at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement; the second pair of opposite edges also comprising coupling parts on both edges which allow two such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts contain a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels establishes a locking in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion located on one of the aforementioned two edges, as well as an upwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion located on the opposite edge, the lower hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an upward-facing locking element that proximally thereof defines a female part in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an downward-facing locking element that forms a male part; the coupling parts are configured such that two such floor panels can be coupled to each other at their respective edges by means of a downward movement of one floor panel relative to the other; - the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking parts and which define by means of respective contact surfaces at least a first contact zone and a second contact zone which are located on either side of the male part and female part; said vertically active locking member and comprising a first locking member and a second locking member on the respective opposite sides of the male member, as well as a third locking member and a fourth locking member on the respective opposite sides of the female member; - the first and third locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned first contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent line; the second and fourth locking members define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned second contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line; said male portion has a distal side and a proximal side, the second locking portion being on the distal side; and the aforementioned two tangent lines are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones; characterized in that the second pair of edges also has the following feature: the second locking part has a contact surface which passes downwards via a bend into a lower distal surface, said distal surface extending further downward in the distal direction, more specially inclined downwards.
The aforementioned lower distal surface is preferably substantially flat.
It is also preferred that the aforementioned lower distal surface makes an angle, or on average makes an angle with the horizontal that is greater than 75 degrees, and is better greater than degrees and is even better located between 83 and 88 degrees.
In the most preferred embodiment of a floor panel according to the second aspect, this is also characterized in that below the contact surface of the fourth locking part there is a lower proximal surface on the female part which, in the coupled state of two such floor panels, cooperates with the said lower distal surface, or at least will cooperate with it when the male part is raised from the female part.
According to a third independent aspect of the invention, it relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel comprising a first pair of opposite edges and a second pair of opposite edges; wherein the first pair of opposite edges comprises coupling parts that allow two of such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts comprise a horizontally active locking system which locks in the coupled state of two of such floor panels in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also comprise a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; and the coupling parts are configured such that two of such panels at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement; the second pair of opposite edges also comprising coupling parts on both edges which allow two such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts contain a horizontally active locking system which, in a coupled state of two of such floor panels effect a locking in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion located on one of the aforementioned two edges, as well as a downwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion located on the opposite edge, the lower hook-shaped portion portion consists of a lip with an upward-facing locking element that proximally thereof defines a female portion in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an downward-facing locking element that forms a male portion; the coupling parts are configured such that two such floor panels can be coupled to each other at their respective edges by means of a downward movement of one floor panel relative to the other; - the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking parts which, by means of respective contact surfaces, define at least a first contact zone and a second contact zone which are located on either side of the male part and female part; said vertically active locking members include a first locking member and a second locking member on the respective opposite sides of the male member, as well as a third locking member and a fourth locking member on the respective opposite sides of the female member; - the first and third locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned first contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent line; the second and fourth locking members define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned second contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line; said male portion has a distal side and a proximal side, the second locking portion being on the distal side; and the aforementioned two tangent lines are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones; characterized in that the second pair of edges also has the following feature: on the proximal side of the female part, a proximal surface is provided above the second contact zone which is inclined upwards relative to the recess of the female part.
The proximal surface mentioned in relation to the third aspect is preferably substantially flat and preferably extends to the top surface of the floor panel, either to the flat top surface or to the top surface of a chamfer present on the floor panel .
Preferably, such a floor panel constructed in accordance with the third aspect is further characterized in that the aforementioned proximal surface makes an angle with the horizontal that is larger than 75 degrees, and better better than 80 degrees, and is even better situated between 83 and 88 degrees .
It is also preferred that a higher distal surface is present on the male part above the contact surface of the second locking part which, in the coupled state of two such floor panels, cooperates with the aforementioned proximal surface, or at least cooperates with it when the male part from the female part is raised;
The male member may form a dovetail with the local locking portion formed thereon halfway from the distal dovetail side.
According to a fourth independent aspect of the invention, it relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel comprising a first pair of opposite edges as well as a second pair of opposite edges; wherein the first pair of opposite edges comprises coupling parts that allow two of such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts comprise a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels locks into effect the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; and the coupling parts are configured such that two of such panels at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement; the second pair of opposite edges also comprising coupling parts on both edges which allow two such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts contain a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels establishes a locking in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion located on one of the aforementioned two edges, as well as an upwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion located on the opposite edge, the lower hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an upward-facing locking element that proximally thereof defines a female part in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an downward-facing locking element that forms a male part; the coupling parts are configured such that two such floor panels can be coupled to each other at their respective edges by means of a downward movement of one floor panel relative to the other; the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking member and which define by means of respective contact surfaces at least a first contact zone and a second contact zone which are located on either side of the male part and female part; said vertically active locking members include a first locking member and a second locking member on the respective opposite sides of the male member, as well as a third locking member and a fourth locking member on the respective opposite sides of the female member; the first and third locking members define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned first contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent; - the second and fourth locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned second contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line; said male portion has a distal side and a proximal side, the second locking portion being on the distal side; and the aforementioned two tangent lines are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones; characterized in that the second pair of edges also has the following feature: the two contact surfaces of the second contact zone, including any extensions thereof, extend both to the left and to the right of the relevant closing surface, the closing surface being defined as a vertical surface through the upper edges of the coupled floor panels or at least the place where the floor panels meet at the top.
According to a fifth independent aspect of the invention, it relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel comprising a first pair of opposite edges and a second pair of opposite edges; wherein the first pair of opposite edges comprises coupling parts that allow two of such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts comprise a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels locks into effect the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; and - the coupling parts are configured such that two such panels can be coupled to each other at these edges by means of a turning movement; the second pair of opposite edges also comprising coupling parts on both edges which allow two such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts contain a horizontally active locking system which, in a coupled state of two of such floor panels effect a locking in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also comprise a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion located on one of the aforementioned two edges, as well as an upwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion located on the opposite edge, the lower hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an upward-facing locking element that proximally thereof defines a female part in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an downward-facing locking element forming a male part; - the coupling parts are configured such that two such floor panels can be coupled to each other at their respective edges by means of a downward movement of one floor panel relative to the other; - the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking parts and which define by means of respective contact surfaces at least a first contact zone and a second contact zone which are located on either side of the male part and female part; said vertically active locking member and include a first locking member and a second locking member on the respective opposite sides of the male member, as well as a third locking member and a fourth locking member on the respective opposite sides of the female member; - the first and third locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned first contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent line; - the second and fourth locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned second contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line; said male portion has a distal side and a proximal side, the second locking portion being on the distal side; and - the aforementioned two tangent lines are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones; characterized in that the second pair of edges further has the following features: - a contact surface is provided at a height lower than the second contact zone which, in the coupled state, together with a contact surface on the then coupled floor panel forms a support point for the movement of the male part bounded downwards; the coupling parts on the second pair of edges also have one of the following three features or any combination of two or three of these features: the lower hook-shaped portion s on the distal side of its distal end free of vertically active mechanical locking members; - the contact surfaces forming the aforementioned supporting point are located respectively on the underside of the male part and on the upper side of the lip of the lower hook-shaped part, wherein in the coupled state distal of this supporting point a space remains between the underside of the male part and the top of the aforementioned lip, preferably below the entire portion of the male portion that is distant from the aforementioned abutment, this space preferably being formed by a portion of the top of the lip being located deeper than the abutment and / or wherein this space, viewed in a cross-section of the relevant edge, preferably extends over a distance that is at least 1/3 of the width of the male part; - on the underside of the lip of the lower hook-shaped portion there is a recess extending as far as the distal end of the lip, which allows a lip to bend downwards.
According to a sixth independent aspect of the invention, it relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel comprising a first pair of opposite edges and a second pair of opposite edges; wherein the first pair of opposite edges comprises coupling parts that allow two of such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts comprise a horizontally active locking system which locks in the coupled state of two of such floor panels in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also comprise a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; and the coupling parts are configured such that two of such panels at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement; the second pair of opposite edges also comprising coupling parts on both edges which allow two such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts contain a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels establishes a locking in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion located on one of the aforementioned two edges, as well as a downwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion located on the opposite edge, the lower hook-shaped portion portion consists of a lip with an upward-facing locking element that proximally thereof defines a female portion in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an downward-facing locking element that forms a male portion; the coupling parts are configured such that two such floor panels can be coupled to each other at their respective edges by means of a downward movement of one floor panel relative to the other; the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking member and which define by means of respective contact surfaces at least a first contact zone and a second contact zone which are located on either side of the male part and female part; said vertically active locking member and comprising a first locking member and a second locking member on the respective opposite sides of the male member, as well as a third locking member and a fourth locking member on the respective opposite sides of the female member; the first and third locking members define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned first contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent; - the second and fourth locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned second contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line; said male portion has a distal side and a proximal side, the second locking portion being on the distal side; and the aforementioned two tangent lines are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones; characterized in that a further combination of features is present at the second pair of edges: the contact surfaces of the second and fourth locking parts, and any extensions thereof, are flat or substantially flat; the contact surfaces of the second and fourth locking members, and more particularly the tangent line defined thereby, make an angle with the horizontal that is greater than 70 degrees, and more preferably greater than 75 degrees, but preferably less than 85 degrees; the contact surfaces of the second and fourth locking members, and any extensions thereof, each terminating upwards at locations lower than the upper surface of the floor panels; from the upper ends of the contact surfaces of the second and fourth locking part, and of any possible extensions of these surfaces, up to the upper surface of the floor panel, side edge portions are formed which extend more upright than the aforementioned contact surfaces, and preferably vertically or substantially vertically to be; at the lower edges of the male part there are guiding surfaces such as chamfers or roundings which are configured such that the male part is automatically guided into the female part when it is moved downwards.
According to a seventh independent aspect of the invention, it relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel comprising a first pair of opposite edges and a second pair of opposite edges; wherein the first pair of opposite edges comprises coupling parts that allow two of such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts comprise a horizontally active locking system which locks in the coupled state of two of such floor panels in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; and the coupling parts are configured such that two of such panels at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement; the second pair of opposite edges also comprising coupling parts on both edges which allow two such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts contain a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels establishes a locking in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion located on one of the aforementioned two edges, as well as an upwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion located on the opposite edge, the lower hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an upward-facing locking element that proximally thereof defines a female part in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an downward-facing locking element that forms a male part; the coupling parts are configured such that two such floor panels can be coupled to each other at their respective edges by means of a downward movement of one floor panel relative to the other; the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking member and which define by means of respective contact surfaces at least a first contact zone and a second contact zone which are located on either side of the male part and female part; said vertically active locking members include a first locking member and a second locking member on the respective opposite sides of the male member, as well as a third locking member and a fourth locking member on the respective opposite sides of the female member; - the first and third locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned first contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent line; - the second and fourth locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned second contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line; said male portion has a distal side and a proximal side, the second locking portion being on the distal side; and the aforementioned two tangent lines are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones; characterized in that the following further feature is present at the second pair of edges: - the lip of the lower hook-shaped portion, seen in a cross-sectional view of the relevant edge, is characterized by a first longitudinal portion, being the portion extending from the proximal end of the lower hook-shaped portion up to where the upward-facing locking element starts, and through a second longitudinal portion defined as being the most distal 75% of the first longitudinal portion, the lip being at least 5%, and more preferably at least 10 % and even better at least 30% in thickness within the aforementioned second longitudinal portion, this while preferably the distal side of the distal end of the lower hook-shaped portion is free from vertically active latches.
According to an eighth independent aspect of the invention, it relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel comprising a first pair of opposite edges and a second pair of opposite edges; wherein the first pair of opposite edges comprises coupling parts that allow two of such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts comprise a horizontally active locking system which locks in the coupled state of two of such floor panels in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; and the coupling parts are configured such that two of such panels at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement; the second pair of opposite edges also comprising coupling parts on both edges which allow two such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts contain a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels establishes a locking in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion located on one of the aforementioned two edges, as well as a downwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion located on the opposite edge, the lower hook-shaped portion portion consists of a lip with an upward-facing locking element that proximally thereof defines a female portion in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an downward-facing locking element that forms a male portion; - the coupling parts are configured such that two such floor panels can be coupled to each other at their respective edges by means of a downward movement of one floor panel relative to the other; the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking parts which, by means of respective contact surfaces, define at least a first contact zone and a second contact zone which are located on either side of the male part and female part; said vertically active locking members include a first locking member and a second locking member on the respective opposite sides of the male member, as well as a third locking member and a fourth locking member on the respective opposite sides of the female member; - the first and third locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned first contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent line; - the second and fourth locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned second contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line; said male portion has a distal side and a proximal side, the second locking portion being on the distal side; and the aforementioned two tangent lines are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones; characterized in that the second pair of edges has a further combination of features: on the underside of the lower hook-shaped portion there is a recess which extends from a certain location on the underside to the end of the lower hook-shaped portion; and - seen in cross-section, said location is proximal to the upwardly directed locking element, and preferably at a horizontal distance therefrom that is more than 1/10 of the total thickness of the floor panel.
According to a ninth independent aspect of the invention, it relates to a floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel comprising a first pair of opposite edges as well as a second pair of opposite edges; wherein the first pair of opposite edges comprises coupling parts that allow two of such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts comprise a horizontally active locking system which locks in the coupled state of two of such floor panels in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; and the coupling parts are configured such that two of such panels at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement; the second pair of opposite edges also comprising coupling parts on both edges which allow two such floor panels to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts have the following features: the coupling parts contain a horizontally active locking system which in a coupled state of two of such floor panels establishes a locking in the plane of the floor panels and perpendicular to the relevant edges; the coupling parts also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts are mainly made from the material of the floor panel itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion located on one of the aforementioned two edges, as well as a downwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion located on the opposite edge, the lower hook-shaped portion portion consists of a lip with an upward-facing locking element that proximally thereof defines a female portion in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion consists of a lip with an downward-facing locking element that forms a male portion; the coupling parts are configured such that two such floor panels can be coupled to each other at their respective edges by means of a downward movement of one floor panel relative to the other; the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking member and which define by means of respective contact surfaces at least a first contact zone and a second contact zone which are located on either side of the male part and female part; said vertically active locking member and include a first locking member and a second locking member on the respective opposite sides of the male member, as well as a third locking member and a fourth locking member on the respective opposite sides of the female member; - the first and third locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned first contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent line; - the second and fourth locking part define in the coupled state of two such floor panels the aforementioned second contact zone, wherein they have contact surfaces which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line; said male portion has a distal side and a proximal side, the second locking portion being on the distal side; and the aforementioned two tangent lines are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones; characterized in that the floor panel comprises a composite substrate consisting of at least two substrate layers, each of a specific thickness, in particular a first plastic-based substrate layer and a second substrate layer, preferably directly above it, which second substrate layer has a thickness (TH2) of at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm; said composite substrate also having one of the following characteristics or any combination of these characteristics: - the density of the first substrate layer is different from the density of the second substrate layer (54), and preferably the second substrate layer has a higher density than the density first substrate layer; the first substrate layer is foamed, and preferably of the closed cell type and even more preferably of the so-called hard foam type, and preferably the second substrate layer is not or less foamed than the first substrate layer; - the first substrate layer is extruded plate-like or is formed into a plate by means of a scattering process and consolidation of the scattered material; - the second substrate layer consists of an extruded layer or of a layer formed by means of a scattering process and consolidation of the scattered material; the two substrate layers are glued to each other or, alternatively, are consolidated in the same production process, the latter for example by mutual direct adhesion between the materials of the substrates or, for example, also by forming them from one composite mass with at least two layers; - at least one of the aforementioned contact zones, and preferably both, are at least partially and preferably completely in the first substrate layer.
A floor panel according to one of the aforementioned aspects can further be characterized according to the invention in that it furthermore has one or more of the following properties, or any combination of these properties mutually and / or in combination with any of the properties of the aspects described above, in so far as such a combination does not contain contradictory features: the floor panel combines two or more of the feature combinations of the aforementioned independent claims and any claims dependent upon them, whereby any combination is considered which does not contain contradictory features; - the coupling parts are designed on the floor panel such that the floor panels can be installed according to the fold-down principle; the floor panel is elongated rectangular and the first pair of opposite edges form the long sides of the floor panel, while the second pair of opposite edges form the short sides of the floor panel; - the coupling parts on the second pair of edges can be inserted into each other via a downward snap movement; - the coupling parts at the first and / or second pair of edges are designed essentially as profiles in the material of the floor panel, preferably substantially or completely by means of a machining operation, preferably by means of one or more milling operations, for example with milling. that are active at different operating angles; the coupling parts on the first and / or second pair of edges are designed as millable profiles, which can be milled with milling cutters with a rotation axis that is located outside the floor panels during milling; the aforementioned male part is split or not; - only one male part is applied, whether or not split, to the second pair of edges - only one vertically active locking part is present on the aforementioned male part which defines a tangent of less than 70 degrees with the horizontal, while others, one or more , vertically active locking device and with a tangent line of 70 degrees or more may be present; the contact surfaces of the second and / or fourth locking part, and preferably of both, are flat, respectively; the contact surfaces of the second and / or fourth locking part, and preferably of both, are curved; the contact surface of the fourth locking part is preferably convex, while the contact surface of the second locking part is flat or curved, and is preferably hollow; - the lower hook-shaped part and more particularly the lip thereof is resiliently bendable and / or deformable; there is a recess at the bottom of the lip, preferably configured such that the upwardly directed locking element is elastically tiltable; - in the coupled state, a downwardly directed support point is provided on the male part; there is a space under the male part; - the recess and / or support point and / or space mentioned in the previous paragraphs are configured as already set out in the previous claims; in the coupled state, a space is provided behind the distal end of the lower hook-shaped portion; in the coupled state, a space is present above the upwardly directed locking element, which space is preferably continuous with the space mentioned in the preceding paragraph; the aforementioned angle A1 is preferably greater than 75 degrees, and more preferably between 77 and 85 degrees, and more preferably about 80 degrees; the aforementioned angle A1 is less than 90 degrees and preferably less than 87 degrees and more preferably less than 85 degrees; the aforementioned angle A2 is more than 45 degrees, and preferably more than 50 degrees, and more preferably more than 55 degrees, and is preferably on the order of 60 degrees; the aforementioned angle A2 is smaller than 75 degrees and better still smaller than 70 degrees; the two contact surfaces of the second contact zone, including any extensions thereof, extend both to the left and to the right of the closing surface in question, the closing surface being defined as a vertical surface through the upper edges of the coupled floor panels or at least the location where the floor panels come together at the top; the center of the second contact zone is higher than the center of the first contact zone; the coupling parts on the first pair of edges and / or on the second pair of edges are completely made in one piece from the material of the floor panel, and more particularly from a substrate which forms part of the floor panel; the distal end of the upper hook-shaped portion above the aforementioned second contact zone is completely free of downwardly active support points, or at least free of support points which, in the coupled state, define tangent lines which form an angle with the horizontal that is less than 45 degrees; chamfers and / or roundings are formed on the male and / or female part and are configured such that the male part is guided automatically into the female part when it is moved downwards, this when assembling according to the fold-down principle and / or at a joining via a plan-parallel downward movement, the coupling parts on the first pair and / or second pair of edges are configured such that in the coupled state there is a so-called pretension that forces the relevant floor panels towards each other at the relevant edges, this being preferably achieved by application of overlapping contours, and wherein the bias is the result of a deformation, either an elastic bending, an elastic compression, or a combination of both; the coupling parts on the second pair of edges are free from Exclusions and / or adhesive connections; - the floor panel is provided with chamfers at the first and / or second pair of edges; the floor panel has a top layer and / or decorative layer which extends in one piece from the horizontal top surface of the floor panel to the chamfers; - the chamfers are formed by impressions; the floor panel has a top layer with a decor; - the floor panels contain a substrate which may or may not be multi-part and which may or may not consist of several substrate layers, wherein the substrate or, in the case of multiple layers, at least one of the substrate layers consists of a material attached to one or more or the same which combination of the following characteristics applies, insofar as such combination does not contain contradictions: - plastic-based material, foamed or non-foamed, “resilient” or hard, with or without plasticizer, and whether or not filled with wood-based or bamboo-based material, for example in the form of fibers, chips, dust or sawdust, and / or filled with other substances, for example chalk, lime, talc, crushed stone type fillers; - plastic-based material that is foamed with fine pores, such that the majority of the plastic-based material has pores and / or gas inclusions with dimensions smaller than 1 mm, and better smaller than 0.1 mm and even better smaller than 0.01 mm; - plastic-based material obtained by extruding plastic-based starting material in the form of sheet material, wherein in a preferred embodiment this material is foamed, this in turn preferably with fine pores that are such that the majority of the plastic-based material pores and / or has gas inclusions with dimensions smaller than 1 mm, and better smaller than 0.1 mm and even better smaller than 0.01 mm; - plastic-based material obtained by scattering plastic-based starting material, whether or not combined with other materials, by means of a scattering process and consolidating under the influence of pressure and possibly elevated temperature in the form of plate material, wherein in a preferred embodiment the obtained material is foamed is, in turn, preferably with fine pores that are such that the majority of the plastic-based material has pores and / or gas inclusions with dimensions smaller than 1 mm, and better smaller than 0.1 mm and even better smaller than 0.01 mm; - plastic consisting of, or based on, or comprising one of the following materials: PP, PE, PET, PUR, PVC, PIR or other appropriate plastics; - plastic-based material with plasticizers; - wood-based material, for example MDF, HDF, prefabricated wood panels, more specifically so-called engineered wood panels, possibly with an adapted core or end strips; - the floor panel is designed as one of the following types: - as a laminate floor panel; - as a so-called "resilient floor panel"; - an "LVT" panel or "CVT panel" or with a comparable panel based on a plastic other than vinyl; - a floor panel with a first plastic-based, preferably foamed, substrate layer, with a preferably thinner second substrate layer from or based on vinyl or another plastic; - as a floor panel with a hard plastic-based substrate.
Further features will become apparent from the detailed description and the appended claims.
Preferred as well as deviating embodiments are described in the appended dependent claims.
With the insight to better demonstrate the features of the invention, a few preferred embodiments are described below as an example without any limiting character, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: figure 1 schematically and in perspective represents a part of a floor covering that consists of floor panels according to the invention; figure 2 shows on a larger scale the part which is indicated by F2 in figure 1; figure 3 represents a floor panel from the floor covering of figures 1 and 2 in top view; figures 4 and 5 show sections on a larger scale, respectively along lines IV-IV and V-V in figure 3; figure 6 shows the coupling parts visible in figure 4 on a larger scale in the coupled state; figure 7 represents the contours of the coupling parts from figure 6 on an even larger scale, but with the original contours of the coupling parts drawn over each other in the unloaded state, in a position where the contours are positioned against each other on the closing surface; Figures 8 to 10 represent three more embodiments of the invention.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the invention relates to floor panels 1 for forming a floor covering, which floor panels 1 comprise a first pair of opposite edges 2-3 and a second pair of opposite edges 4-5.
The floor panels 1 shown are configured at their edges such that they are mutually connectable according to the so-called fold-down principle, which is a principle that is known per se, and that consists of such floor panels 1 at the first pair of edges 2-3 by a revolving movement R can be coupled to each other, and can be coupled together at the second pair of edges 4-5 by a downward movement M, the downward movement M resulting from the revolving movement R and thus taking place substantially simultaneously. The floor panels 1 are also configured at their edges 2-3 and 4-5 in such a way that finally a locking in vertical direction V as horizontal direction H, the latter perpendicular to the relevant edges, is established.
As shown in Figures 3 to 6, such floor panel 1 is provided for this purpose with coupling parts 6-7 at its first pair of edges 2-3, while coupling parts 8-9 are provided at the second pair of edges, which coupling parts hereinafter with reference to Figures 4 to 6 are further specified.
The coupling parts 6-7 of the first pair of edges 2-3 have at least the following basic characteristics, as is visible in Figure 5: the coupling parts 6-7 comprise a horizontally active locking system HL which in a coupled state of two such floor panels 1 effect locking in the plane of the floor panels 1 and perpendicular to the relevant edges 2-3; the coupling parts 6-7 also comprise a vertically active locking system VL which in a coupled state of two such floor panels 1 establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels, in other words in the vertical direction; - the coupling parts 6-7 are mainly made from the material of the floor panel 1 itself; and the coupling parts 6-7 are configured such that two such floor panels 1 at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement R.
The coupling parts 8-9 of the second pair of edges 4-5 exhibit at least the following basic features, as visible in figures 4 and 6: the coupling parts 8-9 contain a horizontally active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels 1 establishes a locking in the plane of the floor panels 1 and perpendicular to the relevant edges 4-5; the coupling parts 8-9 also comprise a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two of such floor panels 1, establishes a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels 1; the coupling parts 8-9 are mainly made from the material of the floor panel 1 itself; the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges 4-5 is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion 10 which is located on one of the aforementioned two edges, in this case the edge 4, as well as a downwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion 11 located on the opposite edge 5, the lower hook-shaped portion 10 consisting of a lip 12 with an upwardly-locking element 13 defining proximally thereof a female portion 14 in the form of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion 11 consists of a lip 15 with a locking element 16 directed downwards and forming a male part 17; - the coupling parts 8-9 are configured such that two such floor panels 1 can be coupled together at their respective edges 4-5 by means of a downward movement M of one floor panel relative to the other; the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking members and 18-19-20-21 defining, by means of respective contact surfaces 22-23-24-25, at least a first contact zone C1 and a second contact zone C2 which are located on either side of the male part 17 and female part 14; said vertically active locking member and include a first locking member 18 and a second locking member 19 on the respective opposite sides 26-27 of the male member 17, as well as a third locking member 20 and a fourth locking member 21 on the respective opposite sides 28-29 of the female part 14, in other words on the sides which are on either side of the recess which forms the female part; - the first and third locking part, 18 and 20 respectively, define in the coupled state of two such floor panels 1 the aforementioned first contact zone C1, wherein they have contact surfaces 22, 24, respectively, which in the coupled state define at least one inclined tangent line T1; - the second and fourth locking parts 19, 21, respectively, define in the coupled state of two such floor panels 1 the aforementioned second contact zone C2, wherein they have contact surfaces 23, 25 respectively which in the coupled state also define at least one inclined tangent line T2; said male part 17 has a distal side 27 and a proximal side 26, the second locking part 19 being located on the distal side 27; and the aforementioned two tangent lines T1-T2 are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones C1-C2.
The embodiment of the edges 4 and 5 shown in figures 4 and 6 corresponds to the first aspect of the invention and is therefore, as shown, characterized by this second pair of edges 4-5 further combination of features is present: - the tangent line T1 which is defined by the first and third locking parts 18 and 20, respectively, is steeper than the plane of the floor panel 1, that is to say the global plane according to which the floor panel extends, or in a normal position of use the horizontal plane. tangent line T2 defined by the second and fourth locking part 19, 21, or in other words the angle A1 of the first-mentioned tangent line T1 with the horizontal is greater than the angle A2 of the second said tangent line T2 with the horizontal; - the difference in magnitude between both said angles A1 and A2, that is, the difference in absolute value thereof, is at least 5 degrees and preferably at least 10 degrees; - a contact surface 30 is provided on the male part 17 at a height lower than the second contact zone C2 which, in the coupled state, together with a contact surface 31 on the female part 14 of the then coupled floor panel forms a support point 32 for the movement of the male part 17 bounded downwards; the lower hook-shaped portion 10 is free on the distal side 33 of its distal end 34 from vertically active mechanical locking members.
It is noted that the coupling parts at edges 2-3 and / or 4-5 are preferably configured in such a way that in the coupled state a so-called pretension is created, which forces the coupled floor panels 1 towards each other, preferably with their upper edges towards and against each other. It is clear that the characteristic of the so-called pretensioning can be applied in all embodiments of floor panels according to the invention, as described above or hereinafter. Such prestressing can be realized in various ways, and is preferably based on a tension force which is generated in the coupled state by elastic bending and / or compression, the recall force created thereby causing the floor panels to be pressed towards each other. Figure 6 shows in dotted line an embodiment in which such elastic bending takes place in the lower lip, the bent lip being indicated by 12A. Such bending can be achieved by realizing the coupling parts 8 and 9 in reality with somewhat overlapping contours, or in other words profile cross sections, for example by applying contours 8A and 9A as shown in thin solid line in figure 7. Contours 8A and 9A represent the shape of the respective coupling parts in uncoupled and unloaded condition, with the contours placed on top of each other. As can be seen, the contours 8A and 9A are formed such that there is then an overlap at the level of the first and third locking parts 18, 20, which, in the coupled state, for example up to the elastic bending of the lower lip, as indicated by 12A in Fig. 6 , leads.
In the larger view of Figure 7, the specific features of the independent second, third and fourth aspect of the invention formulated in the introduction are also schematically illustrated. These three aspects are therefore explained below with reference to Figure 7.
The second and third aspects concern alternatives, examples of which are shown in dotted line in Figure 7, all this as explained below.
A floor panel according to the second aspect has the same "basic characteristics" as defined above at edges 2-3 and 4-5. The second pair of edges 4-5 furthermore has the following feature: - the second locking part 19, that is to say of the male part 17, has a contact surface 23 which, via a bend 35, passes downwards into a lower distal surface 36, this dista surface 36 extends further downward in the distal direction, more particularly inclined downward.
In other words, this means that there is a section below the kink 35 with a surface 36, which section manifests itself downwards as a distal nose section on the male section. It is clear that the buckle 35 can be formed by both a sharp buckling point and a rounded buckling point. Intermediate surfaces can also be provided.
The aforementioned lower distal surface 36 is preferably substantially flat.
It is also preferred that the aforementioned lower distal surface 36 makes an angle, or on average makes an angle with the horizontal that is greater than 75 degrees, and is better greater than 80 degrees and is even better situated between 83 and 88 degrees , and is inclined in one direction as in Figure 7.
According to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect, there is a lower proximal surface 37 on the female part 14 below the contact surface 25 of the fourth locking part 21, which in the coupled condition of two such floor panels cooperates with the aforementioned lower distal surface 36 , or at least will cooperate with this when the male part is raised from the female part. In Figure 7, the surfaces 36 and 37 are drawn slightly apart. In order to satisfy the latter characteristic, they will either coincide or virtually coincide in reality.
A floor panel according to the third aspect also has the same "basic characteristics" as defined above at edges 2-3 and 4-5. The second pair of edges 4-5 furthermore has the following feature: on the proximal side of the female part a proximal surface 38 is provided above the second contact zone C2, which is inclined upwards inwards relative to the recess of the female part 14.
In a preferred embodiment of a floor panel of the third aspect, this is further characterized in that the aforementioned proximal surface 38 is substantially flat and preferably extends to the upper surface 39 of the floor panel 1, or to the flat upper surface as in Fig. 7 or to the top surface of a chamfer that is present on the floor panel
According to preferred embodiments of floor panels 1 which are designed in accordance with the third aspect, such floor panel has one or more of the following characteristics: the aforementioned proximal surface 38 makes an angle with the horizontal that is greater than 75 degrees, and is better than 80 degrees and even better between 83 and 88 degrees; - above the contact surface of the second locking part, a higher distal surface 40 is present on the male part which, in the coupled state of two such floor panels, cooperates with the aforementioned proximal surface 38, or at least cooperates with this when the male part comes out of the female part is raised.
In Figure 7, the surfaces 38 and 40 are drawn slightly apart. In order to satisfy the latter characteristic, they will either coincide or virtually coincide in reality.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of a floor panel according to the third aspect, the male part forms, as it were, a dovetail with a local locking portion formed thereon halfway the distal dovetail side, either in the form of a recess, or alternatively in the form of a protrusion. This means, for example, that with reference to Figure 7, the surfaces 36 and 40 are substantially or completely aligned with each other, while the second locking part 19 is situated in between. It is preferred here that the surfaces 37 and 38 are therefore substantially in line with each other and also follow the relevant dovetail form. It is then also preferable for the surfaces 37 and 38 in the coupled state to cooperate with the surface surfaces 36 and 40 and more specifically to come into contact with this.
A floor panel according to the fourth aspect also has the same "basic characteristics" as defined above at edges 2-3 and 4-5. Furthermore, the second pair of edges 4-5, as applied in the embodiment of figures 4 and 6, and as shown in more detail in figure 7, at least in the embodiment in thin line, furthermore has the following feature: the two contact surfaces of the second the contact zone C2, including any extensions thereof, extend both to the left and to the right of the relevant closing surface S, the closing surface S being defined as a vertical plane through the upper edges 41-42 of the coupled floor panels 1 or at least the location where the floor panels 1 come together at the top.
In other words, this means that the closing surface S extends through the contact zone C2, or at least through the zone formed by the contact surfaces including their extensions.
Preferably, the aforementioned closing surface crosses the second contact zone, optionally including extensions thereof, in half or substantially half thereof, in other words the center of the contact zone C2, viewed in cross-section, is located in or substantially in the closing surface. Furthermore, it is also preferred that the aforementioned intersection is at a height that is higher than the entire first contact zone C1.
The embodiment of the second pair of edges 4-5 shown in Figures 4 and 6 is also in accordance with the conditions imposed by the fifth aspect for these edges. After all, as visible in the figures, 4 and 6, these edges 4-5 also have the following characteristics in addition to the basic characteristics already mentioned: - a contact surface 30 is provided on the male part 17 at a height lower than the second contact zone C2 which coupled state together with a contact surface 31 on the then coupled floor panel forms a support point 32 which limits the movement of the male part downwards; the coupling parts 8-9 on the second pair of edges 4-5 also exhibit one of the following three features or any combination of two or three of these features, and in the example indeed the combination of all three: - the lower hook-shaped portion 10 is free on the distal side 33 of its distal end 34 from vertically active mechanical locking members; - the contact surfaces 30-31 forming the aforementioned supporting point 32 are respectively located on the underside of the male part and on the upper side of the lip 12 of the lower hook-shaped part 10, with a space 43 present in the coupled state distantly from this supporting point 32 remains between the underside of the male part and the top of the aforementioned lip, preferably below the entire part of the male part distant from the aforementioned supporting point 32, this space 43, as shown, preferably being formed by a portion 44 of the upper side of the lip 12 is situated deeper than the point of support and / or wherein this space 43, seen in a cross-section of the relevant edge, preferably extends over a distance D1 which is at least 1/3 of the width W of the male part; on the underside of the lip 12 of the lower hook-shaped part 10 there is a recess 45 extending as far as the distal end of the lip, which allows the lip to bend downwards.
Figure 8 shows a variant of the embodiment of Figure 6, wherein this variant applies the characteristics of the first and fifth aspect, but not the characteristics of the second, third and fourth aspect.
Figure 9 shows a variant of the second pair of edges, with which by applying it a floor panel 1 can be realized which corresponds to the sixth aspect of the invention.
It is clear that the edges 4-5 shown in Figure 9 have the basic characteristics already mentioned. As can still be seen, these edges also have the following combination of features required according to the sixth aspect: the contact surfaces 23-25 of the second and fourth locking part, and any extensions of these surfaces, are flat or substantially flat; the contact surfaces 23-25 of the second and fourth locking part, and more particularly the tangent line T2 defined thereby, make an angle A2 with the horizontal which is greater than 70 degrees, and more preferably greater than 75 degrees, but preferably smaller than 85 degrees; the contact surfaces 23-25 of the second and fourth locking part, and any extensions of these surfaces, each end upwards at locations L1 which are lower than the upper surface 39 of the floor panels, these locations possibly coinciding or not; - from the upper ends of the contact surfaces 23-25 of the second and fourth locking part, and of any possible extensions of these surfaces, up to the upper surface 39 of the floor panel, side edge portions 46-47 are formed which extend more upright than the aforementioned contact surfaces 23 -25, and preferably be vertical or substantially vertical; on the lower edges of the male part are guide surfaces 48-49, such as chamfers or roundings, which are configured such that the male part is automatically guided into the female part upon its downward movement.
As shown in Figure 9, a floor panel according to the sixth aspect in a preferred embodiment thereof is also characterized in that the upwardly directed locking element 13, which is also configured such that it also functions as said third locking element 20, is elastically tiltable, preferably with by means of the presence of a recess 45 on the underside of the lip of the lower hook-shaped portion 10.
The embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 6 is also an example of the seventh and eighth aspects of the invention. This seventh and eighth aspect, defined in the introduction, and in particular the specific features that are required at the second pair of edges, are therefore further explained below with reference to Figure 6.
With regard to the seventh aspect, the second pair of edges, in addition to the basic features already mentioned, also has the following feature: the lip 12 of the lower hook-shaped portion 10 is, viewed in a cross-sectional view of the edge concerned, characterized by a first longitudinal portion P1, being the portion that extends from the proximal end of the lower hook-shaped portion 10 to where the upward-facing locking element 13 starts, and through a second longitudinal portion P2 defined as being the most distal 75% of the first longitudinal portion P1, wherein the lip decreases by at least 5%, and more preferably at least 10%, and more preferably at least 30% in thickness within the aforementioned second longitudinal portion P2, while preferably the distal side 33 of the distal end 34 of the lower hook-shaped portion 10 is free from vertically active locking devices.
In a preferred embodiment of the seventh aspect, the floor panel is further characterized in that it also has one of the following characteristics: - the decrease in thickness is at least realized by providing a deeper part, namely the already mentioned part 44, in the top of the lip 12 of the lower hook-shaped portion 10; - the decrease in thickness has been achieved at least by providing a recess 45 on the underside of the lip 12 of the lower hook-shaped part 10; the decrease in thickness has been achieved at least by means of both measures mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, wherein, preferably in cross-section and in a direction perpendicular to the relevant edge, there is an overlap between the aforementioned deeper portion 44 and the aforementioned recess 45.
Furthermore, it is also preferred that both angles A1 and A2, as also used in the example, are greater than 50 degrees.
It is noted that the eighth aspect was also applied in all embodiments of figures 7 to 10. The variant of figure 7 which makes use of the surfaces 36 and 37 shown in dashed line, moreover, has the feature mentioned in the introduction that the aforementioned female part 14 and male portion 17 on either side comprises portions that are jointly configured as dovetail portions, which are preferably located at least partially opposite one another, in other words, extend at least partially over the same height interval.
Referring back to Figure 6, it is clear that this embodiment also exhibits the specific combination of features required according to the eighth aspect, namely: on the underside of the lower hook-shaped portion 10, there is a recess 45 present from a certain location L2 extends below to the end of the lower hook-shaped portion 10; and seen in cross-section, said location L2 is located proximal to the upwardly directed locking element 13, and preferably at a horizontal distance H1 thereof, which is more than 1/10 of the total thickness THP of the floor panel 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the eighth aspect, the floor panel 1 is preferably, as shown, also characterized in that the recess 45 consists of a portion 50 that protrudes relative to the actual underside of the floor panel and a portion 50 that protrudes between the actual underside and the indented portion 50. present transition portion 51 providing a gradual transition.
Figure 10 shows a floor panel 1 which is designed in accordance with the ninth aspect of the invention. This floor panel has the same “basic characteristics” at the edges 2-3 and 4-5 as already defined above. In addition, this floor panel 1 is characterized in that it comprises a composite substrate 52 consisting of at least two substrate layers 53-54, each having a specific thickness, indicated by TH1 and TH2, in particular a first plastic-based substrate layer 53 and preferably directly above it second substrate layer 54, which second substrate layer 45 has a thickness TH2 of at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm; said composite substrate also having one of the following characteristics or any combination of these characteristics: the density of the first substrate layer 53 is different from the density of the second substrate layer 54, and preferably the second substrate layer 54 has a higher density than the first substrate layer 53; - the first substrate layer 53 is foamed, and preferably of the closed cell type and even more preferably of the so-called hard foam type, and preferably the second substrate layer 54 is not or less foamed than the first substrate layer 53; the first substrate layer 53 is extruded plate-like or is formed into a plate by means of a scattering process and consolidation of the scattered material; the second substrate layer 54 consists of an extruded layer or of a layer formed by a scattering process and consolidation of the scattered material; - the two substrate layers 53-54 are glued together or, alternatively, are consolidated in the same production process, the latter for example by mutual direct adhesion between the materials of the substrates or, for example, also by forming them from one composite mass with at least two layers; - at least one of the aforementioned contact zones C1 and C2, and preferably both, are located at least partially and preferably completely in the first substrate layer 53, as well as clearly in Figure 10.
All combinations of two, three, four, five or all six of the characteristics listed above are also possible according to the ninth aspect, all combinations of which are mathematically possible, without thereby excluding certain combinations.
According to preferred embodiments of a floor panel according to the ninth aspect, it furthermore has one or more of the properties listed below, wherein all combinations are also possible insofar as they do not entail conflicting features: - said first substrate layer comprises at least one thermoplastic material; said first substrate layer is at least based on polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene or PIR, or a combination of the foregoing; - said first substrate layer is a filled plastic composite, this filling preferably consisting of at least one or a combination of the following materials: bamboo, cork and / or wood, and more particularly one or a combination of the aforementioned materials in the form of chips and / or fibers and / or dust or flour, such as saw flour; - the aforementioned first substrate layer is foamed; - the aforementioned first substrate layer is of the closed cell type; - said first substrate layer contains one or more plasticizers; - the aforementioned first substrate layer contains fillers such as chalk and / or limestone and / or talc; said first substrate layer is provided with at least one reinforcement layer, preferably in glass fiber or the like; said first substrate layer has a thickness of at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm, and even more preferably at least 5 mm; the aforementioned first and / or second substrate layer are made waterproof; said second substrate layer is plastic based; said second substrate layer comprises at least one thermoplastic material, which is preferably of the soft type; said second substrate layer is at least based on vinyl such as polyvinyl chloride, more particularly soft polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, more particularly soft polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, PIR or a combination of the foregoing; said second substrate layer consists essentially of one or a combination of the following materials: wood veneer, rubber, linoleum, a paper-based or foil-based laminate sheet, or alternatively any material, more particularly cork, bamboo or wood veneer, which is encased in vinyl or resin; said second substrate layer contains one or more plasticizers; said second substrate layer contains fillers such as chalk and / or limestone; said second substrate layer is provided with at least one reinforcement layer, preferably in glass fiber or the like; the floor panel comprises a counter layer which is preferably located directly below the first substrate layer, which counter layer is for instance designed on the basis of one or more of the following materials: cork, rubber and / or a soft foamed layer; the floor panel comprises a top layer, whether or not multi-layered, which is preferably located directly above the second substrate layer and / or the second substrate layer is provided with a counter layer on the underside of this second substrate layer; said top layer comprises at least one decorative layer, preferably in the form of a print, preferably applied to a foil or film; the aforementioned top layer contains at least one translucent or transparent wear layer and / or is provided with hard particles to increase the wear resistance, such as corundum; the floor panel has a total thickness that is smaller than 10 mm, better still in the order of magnitude of 8 mm, or possibly thinner; said first substrate layer is gradually foamed, the degree of foaming increasing downwards or upwards.
The floor panels of the invention can still have one or more of the properties listed below. These properties can be mutually combined as desired, with all possible combinations being considered in so far as they do not entail conflicting features and are therefore practicable. Also, any of these properties or any executable combination of properties can be applied to a floor panel of any of the aforementioned aspects or combination of aspects, of course also in so far as such combination does not entail conflicting features. The intended properties are as follows: the coupling parts 6-7 and 8-9 are designed on the floor panel 1 such that a plurality of such floor panels 1 can be installed according to the fold-down principle; the floor panel 1 is elongated rectangular and the first pair of opposite edges 2-3 form the long sides of the floor panel 1, while the second pair of opposite edges 4-5 form the short sides of the floor panel 1; the coupling parts 8-9 on the second pair of edges 4-5 can be joined together via a downward snap movement; the coupling parts at the first and / or second pair of edges are designed essentially as profiles in the material of the floor panel, preferably substantially or completely by means of a machining operation, preferably by means of one or more milling operations, for example with milling be active at different operating angles, and even more special milling cutters whose axis of rotation is located outside the floor panel during use; the coupling parts on the first and / or second pair of edges are designed as millable profiles, which can be milled with milling cutters with an axis of rotation which is located outside the floor panels during milling; - the aforementioned male part 17 is split or not; the male part is preferably a solid part which, for example, is full between the sides 26 and 28 as in Figure 6 and is then not split, which provides a solid support for the locking parts 18 and 20; according to an alternative, the male part is not solid and contains one or more cavities or recesses, wherein it can then for instance be split, whereby such presence of cavities or recesses offers the advantage that the locking parts 18 and / or 20 can move somewhat more elastically. to be; it is then possible to opt for one or the other option in function of the material used and / or in function of the desired locking effect; - only one male part is applied to the second pair of edges, whether or not split; on the aforementioned male part 17 only one vertically active locking part 19 is present which in coupled condition defines a tangent line T2 of less than 70 degrees with the horizontal, while other, one or more, vertically active locking parts may be present, in other words one or more locking members which, in the coupled state, only define a tangent line or tangent lines T1, which makes or makes an angle with the horizontal of 70 degrees or more; the contact surface of the second and / or fourth locking part 19, 21, respectively, and preferably the contact surfaces of both, is respectively flat; the contact surface of the second and / or fourth locking part, and preferably of both, is curved; the contact surface of the fourth locking part is preferably convex, while the contact surface of the second locking part is flat or curved, and is preferably hollow; the lower hook-shaped portion 10 and more particularly the lip 12 thereof is resiliently bendable and / or deformable; - a recess 45 is present at the bottom of the lip, preferably configured such that the upwardly directed locking element 13 is elastically tiltable; - in the coupled state, a downward supporting point 32 is provided on the male part 17; a space 43 is present under the male part; - the recess 45 and / or support point 32 and / or space 43 mentioned in the previous paragraphs are configured as previously explained with reference to the drawings; in the coupled state, behind the distal end, the end of the lower hook-shaped portion 10 is a space 55; - in the coupled state, a space 56 is present above the upwardly directed locking element 13, which space is preferably formed continuously with the space 55 mentioned in the preceding paragraph; the aforementioned angle A1 is preferably greater than 75 degrees, and more preferably between 77 and 85 degrees, and more preferably about 80 degrees; the aforementioned angle A1 is less than 90 degrees and preferably less than 87 degrees and more preferably less than 85 degrees; the aforementioned angle A2 is more than 45 degrees, and preferably more than 50 degrees, and more preferably more than 55 degrees, and is preferably on the order of 60 degrees; the aforementioned angle A2 is smaller than 75 degrees and better still smaller than 70 degrees; the two contact surfaces of the second contact zone C2, including any extensions thereof, extend both to the left and to the right of the relevant closing surface S, the closing surface S being defined as a vertical plane through the upper edges 41-42 of the coupled floor panels or at least the place where the floor panels meet at the top; - the center point of the second contact zone C2 is higher than the center point of the first contact zone C1; the coupling parts on the first pair of edges and / or on the second pair of edges are completely made in one piece from the material of the floor panel 1, and more particularly from a substrate which forms part of the floor panel; the distal end of the upper hook-shaped portion above the aforementioned second contact zone C2 is completely free of downwardly active support points, or at least free of support points which, in the coupled state, define tangents which make an angle with the horizontal that is less than 45 degrees; chamfers and / or roundings are formed on the male and / or female part and are configured such that the male part is guided automatically into the female part when it is moved downwards, this when assembling according to the fold-down principle and / or at a merge via a plan-parallel downward movement; the aforementioned guide surfaces 48 and 49 are examples thereof; the coupling parts on the first pair and / or second pair of edges are configured such that in the coupled state there is a so-called pre-stress that forces the relevant floor panels towards each other at the relevant edges, whereby this is preferably done by applying overlapping contours, and wherein the bias is the result of a deformation, either an elastic bending, or an elastic compression, or a combination of both; an example of this has already been described in more detail above with reference to the bent lip 12A in Figure 6; - the coupling parts on the second pair of edges are free of Velcro fasteners and / or adhesive connections; - the floor panel is provided with chamfers on the first and / or second pair of edges, such as bevelled edges; - the floor panel has a top layer and / or decorative layer which extends in one piece from the horizontal top surface of the floor panel to the edges; the chamfers are formed by impressions; - the floor panel has a top layer with a decor, which top layer is designated in the figures with reference 57; - the floor panels contain a substrate 52 which may or may not be multi-part and which may or may not consist of several substrate layers 53-54, wherein the substrate or, in the case of multiple layers, at least one of the substrate layers consists of a material attached to one or more, or any combination of the following characteristics, provided that such combination does not contain contradictions: - plastic-based material, foamed or non-foamed, “resilient” or hard, with or without plasticizer, and whether or not filled with wood-based or bamboo-based material , for example in the form of fibers, chips, dust or sawdust, and / or filled with other substances, for example chalk, lime, talc, ground stone-based fillers; - plastic-based material that is foamed with fine pores, such that the majority of the plastic-based material has pores and / or gas inclusions with dimensions smaller than 1 mm, and better smaller than 0.1 mm and even better smaller than 0.01 mm, with which it is meant that no larger pores are present in the majority of the volume of the material in question and / or that on average the pores meet the aforementioned dimensions; plastic-based material obtained by extruding plastic-based starting material in the form of sheet material, wherein in a preferred embodiment this material is foamed, this in turn preferably with fine pores such that the majority of the plastic-based material such as said pores and / or has gas inclusions with dimensions smaller than 1 mm, and better smaller than 0.1 mm and even better smaller than 0.01 mm; - plastic-based material obtained by scattering plastic-based starting material, whether or not combined with other materials, by means of a scattering process and consolidating under the influence of pressure and possibly elevated temperature in the form of plate material, wherein in a preferred embodiment the obtained material is foamed is, in turn, preferably with fine pores such that the majority of the plastic-based material such as said pores and / or gas inclusions has dimensions smaller than 1 mm, and better smaller than 0.1 mm and even better smaller than 0 , 01 mm; - plastic consisting of, or based on, or comprising one of the following materials: PP, PE, PET, PUR, PVC, PIR or other appropriate plastics; - plastic-based material with plasticizers, the plastic-based material preferably being chosen from the materials mentioned in the previous paragraph; - wood-based material, for example MDF, HDF, prefabricated wood panels, more specifically so-called engineered wood panels, optionally with an adapted core or end strips, in which case the connecting part 6 and / or the connecting part 7 in the adapted core or adapted end strip is then preferably is carried out; "adapted" means that, compared to a classical panel, an adapted material is used for the core or for one or more end strips that is better suited to realize coupling parts 8 and / or 9 herein; - the floor panel is designed as one of the following types: - as a laminate floor panel; - as a so-called "resilient floor panel"; - an "LVT" panel or "CVT panel" or with a comparable panel based on a plastic other than vinyl; - a floor panel with a first plastic-based, preferably foamed, substrate layer, with a preferably thinner second substrate layer from or based on vinyl or another plastic; - as a floor panel with a hard plastic-based substrate.
It is noted that the aforementioned vertically active locking system VL and horizontally active locking system HL of the first pair of edges 2-3 can be realized in any way. Preferably, however, as shown in Figure 5, for the vertically active locking system VL use will be made of a tooth 58 and a groove 59, which groove is preferably limited by a lower lip 60 and an upper lip 61. For the horizontal active locking system use is made of locking parts 62 and 63 arranged on the tongue and groove, which hooks one behind the other in coupled condition. Here, it is preferred that the lower lip 60 distally extends beyond the upper lip 61, and that the locking member 63 also has a locking surface that is situated beyond the distal end of the upper lip 61.
It is further noted that in the embodiment of Figure 6 the fourth locking part 21 is designed as a more or less triangular nose-shaped projecting part in the wall of the female part. It is also noted here that other forms of locking parts in the second contact zone C2 are not excluded. The relevant locking parts can thus, for example, be designed as a rounded protrusion and cooperating, preferably also rounded, recess. Figure 7 schematically illustrates two possible embodiments thereof. According to a first possibility, the locking parts are designed as fitting rounded parts which are bent out towards the male part, more particularly along line 65. According to an alternative, they are bent outwards with respect to the male part, for example as indicated by line 66. Since all combinations of features are possible, it is clear that this can be further combined with the specific features of the second and / or third and / or fourth aspect.
It is noted that, according to a deviating alternative embodiment, the coupling parts at the first pair of edges must not necessarily be able to be coupled by a turning movement, but on the other hand be configured at least in such a way that they can be coupled to each other by a downward movement. In that case coupling parts can also be applied to the first pair of edges with features as claimed for the second pair of edges in the preceding claims. The coupling parts on both pairs of edges can then optionally be made identical to each other. Such a floor panel can then be coupled to the surrounding floor panels by means of a downward movement, parallel to the floor. It is noted that this is a deviating embodiment, but that the invention is most suitable for floor panels that can be installed according to the fold-down principle.
According to another, albeit a clearly deviating alternative embodiment, which is preferably used in combination with the fold-down principle, there is no vertical locking in the first contact zone, which means that there is no mechanical vertically active locking, and only a horizontal lock is present. This means that the contact surfaces in the first contact zone C1 are vertical or are inclined from the bottom upwards to the outside. This deviation in each of the aforementioned embodiments according to the foregoing aspects is integrated, whereby new aspects are then created. Even then, at least a number of the combinations obtained remain new and inventive.
According to the invention, the term tangent line can be interpreted in a number of different ways. In general, this should be understood to mean a line that is tangent between two co-operating contact surfaces; the place where this tangent line is considered may be arbitrary, but normally it should be considered in an average position, or therefore the global tangent line should be considered, unless otherwise defined. Alternatively, according to this application, the term tangent may also be replaced by the direction of the cooperating contact surfaces or the average or global direction or global tangent thereof.
Deviating or more specific definitions for the tangent line, which can be applied according to alternatives, are the following; - when the second and fourth locking part define several tangent lines, for example because the cooperating contact surfaces are not flat, then the tangent line is taken from the second contact zone which makes the smallest angle with the horizontal; - when the second and fourth locking part define multiple tangent lines, for example because the cooperating contact surfaces are not flat, that tangent line is taken from the second contact zone which is determined by the center of the second contact zone; - when the first and third locking part define several tangent lines, for example because the cooperating contact surfaces are not flat, tangent line is taken from the first contact zone which makes the greatest angle with the horizontal; - when the first and third locking part define several tangent lines, for example because the cooperating contact surfaces are not flat, then the tangent line is taken from the first contact zone which is determined by the center of the first contact zone.
It is further noted that the terms distal side of the male part and proximal side of the female part normally also include the extensions of these sides up to the top of the floor panel.
Contact surfaces and contact zones can also be understood to mean a line contact; a contact surface or contact zone is essentially the place where the actual contact is established in the coupled state and with any load. When extensions of contact surfaces are mentioned, this should be understood to mean the actual continuation of the surfaces in addition to the specific place where the actual contact exists. In that case it is not a question of a theoretically non-existent extension.
With "substrate layers directly above each other" it is not excluded that any glue may be present between these layers.
By coupling parts which are mainly manufactured from the material of the floor panel, it is meant that at least the essential components thereof are formed in one piece from the material of the floor panel and that at least all locking parts and locking elements are realized in one piece from the material of the floor panel.
In other words, this means that no separate locking strips are used. The foregoing, for example, does not exclude that the coupling parts used according to the invention can be provided with a coating or the like.
References V and H indicate the vertical and horizontal directions.
According to a special feature, the center of the contact zone C2 is at a vertical distance VD2 below the top of the floor panel which is at least 0.25, and more preferably at least 0.28 and more preferably at least 0.30, the total thickness THP of the floor panel . Secondly, it is preferable for the center of the contact zone C2 to be at a distance VD1 from the bottom which is at least 0.35 and more preferably at least 0.40 times the thickness of THP. This is especially useful with thin floor panels of 5 mm or less and / or with floor panels of the “résilient” type, more particularly LVT and the like. This idea can also be applied independently, using only the aforementioned "basic characteristics" of the edges.
The present invention is by no means limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the figures, but such floor panels can be realized according to different variants without departing from the scope of the present invention.

权利要求:
Claims (2)
[1]
Claims 1, - Floor panel for forming a floor covering, said floor panel (1) comprising a first pair of opposite edges (2-3) and a second pair of opposite edges (4-5); wherein the first pair of opposite edges (2-3) comprises coupling parts (6-7) that allow two such floor panels (1) to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts (6-7) have the following features: the coupling parts (6-7) contain a horizontally active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels (1), causes a locking in the plane of the floor panels (1) and perpendicular to the respective edges (2-3); the coupling parts (6-7) also contain a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels (1), ensures a locking transversely to the surface of the floor panels; the coupling parts (6-7) are mainly made from the material of the floor panel (1) itself; and the coupling parts (6-7) are configured such that two such panels (1) at these edges can be coupled to each other by means of a turning movement (R); the second pair of opposite edges (4-5) also comprising coupling parts (8-9) on both edges which allow two such floor panels (1) to be mutually coupled to each other and wherein these coupling parts (8-9) have the following features show: the coupling parts (8-9) contain a horizontally active locking system which, in a coupled state of two such floor panels (1), is locked in the plane of the floor panels (1) and perpendicular to the relevant edges (4-5) brings about; the coupling parts (8-9) also comprise a vertically active locking system which, in a coupled state of two of such floor panels (1), ensures a locking transversely of the surface of the floor panels (1); - the coupling parts (8-9) are mainly made from the material of the floor panel (1) itself; - the horizontally active locking system of the second pair of edges (4-5) is formed at least from an upwardly directed lower hook-shaped portion (10) which is located on one of the aforementioned two edges (4), as well as an upwardly directed upper hook-shaped portion portion (11) located on the opposite edge (5), the lower hook-shaped portion (10) consisting of a lip (12) with an upwardly-facing locking element (13) that proximally thereof a female portion (14) in the defines the shape of a recess, while the upper hook-shaped portion (11) consists of a lip (15) with a downwardly directed locking element (16) forming a male part (17); the coupling parts (8-9) are configured such that two such floor panels (1) can be coupled to each other at their respective edges (4-5) by means of a downward movement (M) of one floor panel relative to the other ; the vertically active locking system comprises vertically active locking parts (18-19-20-21) which define at least a first contact zone (C1) and a second contact zone (C2) by means of respective contact surfaces (22-23-24-25) are located on either side of the male part (17) and female part (14); said vertically active locking members include a first locking member (18) and a second locking member (19) on the respective opposite sides (26-27) of the male member (17), as well as a third locking member (20) and a fourth locking member ( 21) on the respective opposite sides (28-29) of the female part (14); - the first and third locking part (18, 20) define in the coupled state of two such floor panels (1) the aforementioned first contact zone (C1), wherein they have contact surfaces (22, 24) which in the coupled state have at least one inclined tangent line Define (T1); the second and fourth locking part (19, 21) define in the coupled state of two such floor panels (1) the aforementioned second contact zone (C2), wherein they have contact surfaces (23, 25) which in the coupled state also have at least one inclined tangent line Define (T2); - the aforementioned male part (17) has a distal side (27) and a proximal side (26), the second locking part (19) being located on the distal side (27); and said two tangent lines (T1-T2) are inclined upwards from each other from their respective contact zones (C1-C2); characterized in that a further combination of features is available at the second pair of edges (4-5): the tangent line (T1) defined by the first and third locking members (18, 20) is relative to the plane of the floor panel ( 1) steeper than the tangent line (T2) defined by the second and fourth locking part (19, 21), or in other words the angle (A1) of the first-mentioned tangent line (T1) with the horizontal is greater than the angle (A2 ) of the second said tangent line (T2) with the horizontal; - the difference in size between both said angles (A1-A2) is at least 5 degrees and preferably at least 10 degrees; - a contact surface (30) is provided on the male part (17) at a height lower than the second contact zone (C2) which in the coupled state together with a contact surface (31) on the female part (14) of the then coupled floor panel forming a support point (32) that limits downward movement of the male part (17); - the lower hook-shaped portion (10) is free on the distal side (33) of its distal end (34) from vertically active mechanical locking means.
[2]
Floor panel according to claim 1, characterized in that it furthermore has one or more of the following characteristics, or any combination of these characteristics, insofar as such a combination does not contain conflicting characteristics: the coupling parts are designed on the floor panel such that the floor panels can be installed according to the fold-down principle; the floor panel is elongated rectangular and the first pair of opposite edges form the long sides of the floor panel, while the second pair of opposite edges form the short sides of the floor panel; the coupling parts at the second pair of edges can be joined together via a downward snap movement; - the coupling parts at the first and / or second pair of edges are designed essentially as profiles in the material of the floor panel, preferably substantially or completely by means of a machining operation, preferably by means of one or more milling operations, for example with milling. that are active at different operating angles; the coupling parts on the first and / or second pair of edges are designed as millable profiles, which can be milled with milling cutters with a rotation axis that is located outside the floor panels during milling; the aforementioned male part is split or not; - only one male part is applied, whether or not split, to the second pair of edges - only one vertically active locking part is present on the aforementioned male part which defines a tangent of less than 70 degrees with the horizontal, while others, one or more , vertically active locking parts with a tangent line of 70 degrees or more may be present; the contact surfaces of the second and / or fourth locking part, and preferably of both, are flat, respectively; the contact surfaces of the second and / or fourth locking part, and preferably of both, are curved; the contact surface of the fourth locking part is preferably convex, while the contact surface of the second locking part is flat or curved, and is preferably hollow; the lower hook-shaped portion (10) and more particularly the lip (12) thereof is resiliently bendable and / or deformable; - a recess is present at the bottom of the lip, preferably configured such that the upwardly directed locking element (13) is elastically tiltable; - in the coupled state, a downwardly directed support point is provided on the male part; there is a space under the male part; - the recess and / or support point and / or space mentioned in the previous paragraphs are configured as already set out in the previous claims; in the coupled state, a space is provided behind the distal end of the lower hook-shaped portion; in coupled condition, a space is present above the upwardly directed locking element (13), which space is preferably formed continuously with the space mentioned in the preceding paragraph; the aforementioned angle A1 is preferably greater than 75 degrees, and more preferably between 77 and 85 degrees, and more preferably about 80 degrees; the aforementioned angle A1 is less than 90 degrees and preferably less than 87 degrees and more preferably less than 85 degrees; the aforementioned angle A2 is more than 45 degrees, and preferably more than 50 degrees, and more preferably more than 55 degrees, and is preferably in the order of magnitude of 60 degrees; - the aforementioned angle A2 is smaller than 75 degrees and better still smaller than 70 degrees; - the two contact surfaces of the second contact zone, including any extensions thereof, extend both to the left and to the right of the relevant closing surface (S), the closing surface being defined as a vertical plane through the upper edges (41-42) of the coupled floor panels or at least the place where the floor panels meet at the top; - the center of the second contact zone is higher than the center of the first contact zone; - the coupling parts at the first pair of edges and / or at the second pair of edges are completely made in one piece from the material of the floor panel, and more particularly from a substrate which forms part of the floor panel; the distal end of the upper hook-shaped portion above the aforementioned second contact zone (C2) is completely free of downwardly active support points, or at least free of support points which, in the coupled state, define tangent lines which form an angle with the horizontal that is less than 45 degrees; chamfers and / or roundings are formed on the male and / or female part and are configured such that the male part is guided automatically into the female part when it is moved downwards, this when assembling according to the fold-down principle and / or at a joining via a plan-parallel downward movement, the coupling parts on the first pair and / or second pair of edges are configured such that in the coupled state there is a so-called pretension that forces the relevant floor panels towards each other at the relevant edges, this being preferably achieved by application of overlapping contours, and wherein the bias is the result of a deformation, either an elastic bending, an elastic compression, or a combination of both; the coupling parts on the second pair of edges are free of tangles and / or adhesive connections; - the floor panel is provided with chamfers at the first and / or second pair of edges; the floor panel has a top layer and / or decorative layer which extends in one piece from the horizontal top surface of the floor panel to the chamfers; - the chamfers are formed by impressions; - the floor panel has a top layer with a decor; the floor panels contain a substrate which may or may not be multi-part and which may or may not consist of several substrate layers, wherein the substrate or, in the case of multiple layers, at least one of the substrate layers consists of a material attached to one or more, or any other combination of the following beatword features, insofar as such combination does not contain contradictions: - plastic-based material, foamed or non-foamed, “resilient” or hard, whether or not with plasticizer, and whether or not filled with wood-based or bamboo-based material, for example in the form of fibers, chips, dust or sawdust, and / or filled with other substances, for example chalk, lime, talc, crushed stone type fillers; - plastic-based material that is foamed with fine pores, such that the majority of the plastic-based material has pores and / or gas inclusions with dimensions smaller than 1 mm, and better smaller than 0.1 mm and even better smaller than 0.01 mm; - plastic-based material obtained by extruding plastic-based starting material in the form of sheet material, wherein in a preferred embodiment this material is foamed, this in turn preferably with fine pores that are such that the majority of the plastic-based material pores and / or has gas inclusions with dimensions smaller than 1 mm, and better smaller than 0.1 mm and even better smaller than 0.01 mm; - plastic-based material obtained by scattering plastic-based starting material, whether or not combined with other materials, by means of a scattering process and consolidating under the influence of pressure and possibly elevated temperature in the form of plate material, wherein in a preferred embodiment the obtained material is foamed is, in turn, preferably with fine pores that are such that the majority of the plastic-based material has pores and / or gas inclusions with dimensions smaller than 1 mm, and better smaller than 0.1 mm and even better smaller than 0.01 mm; - plastic consisting of, or based on, or comprising one of the following materials: PP, PE, PET, PUR, PVC, PIR or other appropriate plastics; - plastic-based material with plasticizers, the plastic-based material preferably being chosen from the materials mentioned in the previous paragraph; - wood-based material, for example MDF, HDF, prefabricated wood panels, more specifically so-called engineered wood panels, possibly with an adapted core or end strips; - the floor panel is designed as one of the following types: - as a laminate floor panel; - as a so-called "resilient floor panel"; - an "LVT" panel or "CVT panel" or with a comparable panel based on a plastic other than vinyl; - a floor panel with a first plastic-based, preferably foamed, substrate layer, with a preferably thinner second substrate layer from or based on vinyl or another plastic; - as a floor panel with a hard plastic-based substrate.

类似技术:

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公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

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BE1021392B1|2015-11-13|FLOOR PANEL FOR FORMING A FLOOR COVERING, FLOOR COVERING MADE OF SUCH FLOOR PANELS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH FLOOR PANELS

同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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DE202016102034U1|2016-05-22|

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CN108474211A|2018-08-31|

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US20200190824A1|2020-06-18|

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AU2016381397B2|2021-12-09|

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EP3397825A1|2018-11-07|

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CA3007277A1|2017-07-06|

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JP2019504226A|2019-02-14|

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EA201891548A1|2019-01-31|

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AU2022200043A1|2022-02-03|

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US11225800B2|2022-01-18|

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BR112018012019A2|2018-12-04|

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CN108474211B|2020-04-28|

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KR20180098662A|2018-09-04|

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WO2017115202A1|2017-07-06|

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AU2016381397A1|2018-06-28|

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EA037659B1|2021-04-27|

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法律状态:
2017-10-30| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20170724 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US201562274021P| true| 2015-12-31|2015-12-31|

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US62/274,021|2015-12-31|KR1020187022034A| KR20180098662A|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panel for forming floor covering|

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CN201680077616.6A| CN108474211B|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|

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EA201891548A| EA037659B1|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|

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BR112018012019-7A| BR112018012019A2|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|floor panel to form a floor covering|

---

AU2016381397A| AU2016381397B2|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|

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MX2018007995A| MX2018007995A|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panel for forming a floor covering.|

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EP16823053.0A| EP3397825A1|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|

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US16/066,973| US10648182B2|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|

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JP2018534723A| JP2019504226A|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panels that make up the floor cover|

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CA3007277A| CA3007277A1|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|

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PCT/IB2016/057706| WO2017115202A1|2015-12-31|2016-12-16|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|

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ZA2018/03740A| ZA201803740B|2015-12-31|2018-06-06|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|

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CL2018001713A| CL2018001713A1|2015-12-31|2018-06-21|Floor panel to form a floor covering|

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US16/802,879| US11225800B2|2015-12-31|2020-02-27|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|

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AU2022200043A| AU2022200043A1|2015-12-31|2022-01-06|Floor panel for forming a floor covering|